Credit Score FAQ's

What is a credit score?

A credit score provides a numerical snapshot of someone’s credit at a point in time. It reflects your credit risk level—the higher the number, the lower the predicted risk. Low numbers indicate greater risk.

The best-known scoring system—the FICO Score—is a credit bureau risk score generated by information from your credit report only. Credit scores aren’t stored as part of a credit profile, and may change from lender to lender since calculation factors vary. The score does change every time credit information changes in your credit report and a new or minimal credit history means it may not be possible to calculate a score.

Why are credit scores used?

Before credit scores, lenders mostly relied on their own judgment (and often, an incomplete credit history) in making lending decisions. A lender’s judgment, opinion and personal bias often led to decisions that had little bearing on an applicant’s ability to manage financial obligations, credit and debt.  Now, with computer analysis and access to a credit history and status, a credit score is available to assess risk fairly and equitably, and to make lending decisions objectively. 

Who uses credit scores?

Mortgage companies, banks, auto dealers, credit card companies, retailers and most other lenders that offer credit or loans use credit scores to make lending decisions. And often those decisions are made in minutes, making the credit score a timesaver for lenders and consumers. Though many factors are used to determine credit risk, the credit score is the top indicator of creditworthiness.

What are the different types of credit scores?

The lending industry uses a wide range of credit scoring programs. MortgageEase prefers CreditXpert, a leading credit scoring company used by three of the top five U.S. banks. The FICO score — developed by Fair, Isaac & Company, Inc. — is commonly known. Many consumers are also familiar with the Equifax Beacon Score and Experian PLUS Score. But there are a variety of FICO versions, and different ones may generate a different score for the same person. CreditXpert Credit Score™ is similar to PLUS and the FICO, which will underwrite your loan application. But they do differ.  Why?

  • Formula differences
    Most program models analyze the same data—U.S. population credit histories, but each one uses its own custom model. And lenders often work with companies like CreditXpert and Fair Isaac to further customize scores for their specific needs. So, a mortgage lenderl may weigh information most critical to mortgage credit, while an auto lending company wants to measure a borrower’s risk related to a car purchase.  
  • Credit data differences
    The three main credit bureaus typically have differing information on your credit history since all lenders may not report to all three bureaus, or may not report credit info at the same time. Consequently, your FICO score may vary greatly from bureau to bureau, so mortgage lenders often use the score that falls in the middle.

How do you get your credit score?

At MortgageEase, we want customers to understand the information used in assessing their  credit applications. And, consumer experts recommend that consumers monitor their credit status on a routine basis. By offering you your CreditXpert score and analysis for free, we become closer partners in the lending decision since this enables you to better manage and often improve your credit profile.

You also have the right to view other credit scores. Fair Isaac gives consumers access to their FICO score from all three credit bureaus for $12.95 per bureau. To order your FICO score from any of the three credit bureaus, go to http://www.myfico.com.

Does your CreditXpert Credit Score™ request negatively affect your credit report?

No.  A consumer request for a credit report from CreditXpert Credit Score™ won’t flag as a credit inquiry on any copy of your report supplied to lenders. Your request won’t have any negative impact on your credit score or credit rating.

How should you use your credit score?

Use the CreditXpert analysis from MortgageEase to understand:

  • How lenders view your credit risk and potential:  Your CreditXpert score gives you a good indication of where you stand today and alerts you to credit concerns or issues.
  • What’s impacting your credit score:  The CreditXpert analysis details factors that are having the greatest and least impact on your credit score. It’s custom and personalized and will give you specifics you won’t find on any standard credit report.
  • What you can do to raise your credit score: Once you apply for a MortgageEase loan, we can help you take action to improve your score.

How are credit decisions made?

Your credit score is an objective snapshot of how lenders will see your credit profile—needless to say, it has a lot of impact. Still, it’s just one factor of many that a lender may consider when assessing your loan application. Employment, income, expenses, assets, equity and recovery from past financial setbacks can also have a bearing on their credit decision. Sometimes, a lender may even prefer to lend to a borrower with a low score if other factors are weighted favorably. Lenders usually consider three areas:

  • Credit score and history: Your reputation and historical willingness to pay
  • Collateral: your loan amount relative to the home value
  • Capacity to pay: your income, debt, cash reserves shows ability to pay

How do you interpret your score?

Your credit score probably ranges from the mid 300s to 850. While lenders have different and often custom lending guidelines, and scores vary from bureau to bureau, here’s a general idea of what your score tells a lender:

Above 730

Your credit is outstanding

700 - 729

Your credit is good

670 - 699

The lender will use caution, expect requests for extra documentation to get better lending rates

585 - 669

Your credit is high-risk; you have options but they’re limited and you may not be eligible for top rates.

Below 585

Credit options are limited or unavailable; a willing lender will need to consider other documentation in your application.


What behavior determines your score?

Scores are analyzed and calculated using proprietary systems and models that often differ. Since credit scores measure default, scores are calculated using statistics to predict credit risk. As a result, repeated minor defaults usually indicate a higher risk than a more serious but isolated credit issue. So what generates a high score or a low one? Five elements, listed below by priority first. 

  • Late payments, including delinquencies, bankruptcies or foreclosures: Past inability or demonstrated willingness to pay on time will reduce your credit opportunities and terms. Recent problems count more than past problems you’ve recovered from.
  • Debt load: The more your debt, the greater the risk – it may be difficult for you to meet your financial obligations.
  • Length of time on your credit history: With a credit history just established, it’s difficult for lenders to assess whether you’re creditworthy.
  • Inquiries, or new applications for credit: Multiple credit checks by lenders are assessed unfavorably, as they may be an indication that you plan to increase your debt.
  • Types of credit you use: Although your debt may be minimal, you may have easy access to quickly increase your debt. Some types of credit, like credit cards, give you a credit line greater than the amount you owe, which denotes credit risk.

What factors are usually not considered in a credit score?

The Equal Credit Opportunity Act Credit prohibits credit bureaus from using specific demographics to calculate a credit score. But some lenders may use these specific factors such as occupation and income, to determine a proprietary or custom credit score. Under the Consumer Credit Protection Act, credit bureaus do NOT collect information about your:

  • Age, gender, race
  • Religion or national origin
  • Income
  • Marital status
  • Political registration, affiliation or voting history
  • Public assistance
  • Consumer credit inquiries, or checks made by companies for promotional or account monitoring reasons

What are some things you can do to improve your credit score?

    • Pay your bills on time, keeping in mind that your mortgage payment history will have the greatest influence on your loan application.
    • Keep credit-card balances low.
    • Keep limits low on credit accounts.
    • Cancel more recent zero balance accounts that can lower your score. Do it officially, since a zero balance doesn't mean the account is closed.
    • Be cautious in applying for credit-frequent requests or credit report checks lower your score.  Be sure your credit is checked only when you really need it.
    • Review your credit profile and make sure it's accurate. If not, take steps outlined by the major credit bureaus to repair your credit report.
    • And, be aware that the score is also computed from credit patterns that identify a willingness to pay. For example, your score will be affected less if you have a brief span of 'late-pays' rather than random delinquencies over a long period of time.

How do you resolve issues on your credit report?

Questions? Issues? Incorrect information on your credit report? Contact the three main credit bureaus that maintain credit data:

Equifax, Inc.

P.O. Box 740241
Atlanta, GA 30374
1-800-685-1111
http://www.equifax.com

Experian

P.O. Box 2104
Allen, Texas 75013-2104
1-888-EXPERIAN (1-888-397-3742)
http://www.experian.com

Trans Union Corporation

Consumer Disclosure Center
2 Baldwin Place
P.O. Box 1000
Chester, PA 19022
1-800-888-4213
http://www.transunion.com

Need more information about your credit score? We’re here to help. Give us a call today at 301-528-0022.

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